Welcome to Pete Brown's 10rem.net

First time here? If you are a developer or are interested in Microsoft tools and technology, please consider subscribing to the latest posts.

You may also be interested in my blog archives, the articles section, or some of my lab projects such as the C64 emulator written in Silverlight.

(hide this)

Asynchronous Pages in ASP.NET 2.0

Pete Brown - 13 October 2005

MSDN Magazine online has a "Wicked Code" article on Asynchronous Pages in ASP.NET 2.0. This is very cool, and promises to help us eek out that next bit of scalability from our large scale web applications. There's even a bit of helpful information for the folks who will be stuck with 1.1 for a little while longer.

ASP.NET 2.0 is replete with new features ranging from declarative data binding and Master Pages to membership and role management services. But my vote for the coolest new feature goes to asynchronous pages, and here's why.

When ASP.NET receives a request for a page, it grabs a thread from a thread pool and assigns that request to the thread. A normal, or synchronous, page holds onto the thread for the duration of the request, preventing the thread from being used to process other requests. If a synchronous request becomes I/O bound—for example, if it calls out to a remote Web service or queries a remote database and waits for the call to come back—then the thread assigned to the request is stuck doing nothing until the call returns. That impedes scalability because the thread pool has a finite number of threads available. If all request-processing threads are blocked waiting for I/O operations to complete, additional requests get queued up waiting for threads to be free. At best, throughput decreases because requests wait longer to be processed. At worst, the queue fills up and ASP.NET fails subsequent requests with 503 "Server Unavailable" errors.

Asynchronous pages offer a neat solution to the problems caused by I/O-bound requests. Page processing begins on a thread-pool thread, but that thread is returned to the thread pool once an asynchronous I/O operation begins in response to a signal from ASP.NET. When the operation completes, ASP.NET grabs another thread from the thread pool and finishes processing the request. Scalability increases because thread-pool threads are used more efficiently. Threads that would otherwise be stuck waiting for I/O to complete can now be used to service other requests. The direct beneficiaries are requests that don't perform lengthy I/O operations and can therefore get in and out of the pipeline quickly. Long waits to get into the pipeline have a disproportionately negative impact on the performance of such requests.

The ASP.NET 2.0 Beta 2 async page infrastructure suffers from scant documentation. Let's fix that by surveying the landscape of async pages. Keep in mind that this column was developed with beta releases of ASP.NET 2.0 and the .NET Framework 2.0.

This is an excellent bit to add to our development and architecture toolkits.

 
posted by Pete Brown on Thursday, October 13, 2005
filed under:  

Comment on this Post

Remember me